Digital identity (ID) systems are becoming key enablers of digital economies and public service delivery, supporting access to government services, financial services and online platforms.

This global trend report explores the diversity of approaches worldwide, with governance models ranging from government-led to market-driven and hybrid frameworks. Digital ID systems also vary in scope, from those designed to support access across multiple services and sectors to those tailored for specific purposes or contexts. Architectures also differ, including centralised, federated and decentralised models, each involving trade-offs in interoperability, user control, scalability and trust.

Policymakers are increasingly addressing risks related to exclusion, biometric governance, cybersecurity, vendor dependency and long-term sustainability.

The report highlights digital ID developments in eight jurisdictions, including Brazil, the EU, India, Kenya, Malaysia, Singapore, the UK and the US. The regulation of ID systems remains fragmented, with most jurisdictions relying on a mix of digital government, cybersecurity, data protection and sector-specific rules rather than a single framework.

Digital ID systems are also expanding beyond traditional authentication functions. Key trends include cross-border interoperability, expanded age-verification requirements, and stronger digital identity tools to combat fraud and impersonation. Interest is also growing in proof-of-personhood solutions that can distinguish humans from AI agents and bots.

For more information and to read the report, please click on “Access the full content” - or on “Request Access”, in case you are not subscribed to our Global Trends service.